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- Customary U.S. Weights and
Measures
-
- "The string instrument is a truly international
entity, and its history and associated literature spans
centuries. We've found it useful to be able to convert
measurements common in other places and times. Some of
these related in obvious ways to the instrument. For
example, various dimensions and specifications are often
given in centimeters or millimeters. Some of the
conversions provided here may not be as useful in the
modern world (although someone may actually need to
know... How many violins, placed end-to-end, make a
furlong?). Regardless, the following information is
provided for your use, interest, and enjoyment."
-
- Linear Measure
- 12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.)
- 3 feet = 1 yard (yd.)
- 5 1/2 yards = 1 rod (rd.), pole or perch (16-1/2 ft.)
- 40 rods = 1 furlong (fur.) = 220 yards = 660 feet
- 8 furlongs = 1 statute mile (mi.) = 1,760 yds = 5,280
ft.
- 3 land miles = 1 league
- 5,280 feet = 1 statute or land mile
- 6,076.11549 feet = 1 international nautical mile
-
- Area Measure
- 144 square inches = 1 sq. ft.
- 9 square feet = 1 sq. yd.= 1,296 sq. in.
- 30-1/4 sq yds = 1 sq. rd. = 272 1/4 sq. ft.
- 160 square rods = 1 acre = 4,840 sq. yds. = 43,560
sq. ft.
- 640 acres = 1 sq. mile
- 1 mile square = 1 section (of land)
- 6 mile square = 1 township = 36 sections = 36 sq. mi.
-
Cubic Measurement
- 1,728 cubic inches = 1 cu. ft.
- 27 cubic feet = 1 cu. yd.
-
- Liquid Measure
- When necessary to distinguish the liquid pint or
quart from the dry pint or quart, the word "liquid" or
the abbreviation "liq" should be used in combination with
the name or abbreviation of the liquid unit.
- 4 gills (gi.) = 1 pint (pt.) (= 28.875 cu. in.)
- 2 pints = 1 quart (qt.) (= 57.75 cu. in.)
- 4 quarts = 1 gallon (gal.) (231 cu. in.) = 8 pts. =
32 gills
-
- Apothecaries Fluid Measure
- 60 minims (min.) = 1 fluid dram (fl. dr.) (= 0.2256
cu. in.)
- 8 fluid drams = 1 fluid oz. (fl. oz.) (= 1.8047 cu.
in.)
- 16 fluid ounces = 1 pt. (= 28.785 cu. in.) = 128 fl.
drs.
- 2 pints = 1 qt (= 57.75 cu. in.) = 32 fl. oz. = 256
fl. drs.
- 4 quarts = 1 gal (= 231 cu. in.) = 8 pts = 1,024 fl.
drs.
-
- Dry Measure
- When necessary to distinguish the dry pint or quart
from the liquid pint or quart, the word "dry" should be
used in combination with the name or abbreviation of the
dry unit.
- 2 pints = 1 quart (qt.) (= 64.2006 cu. in.)
- 8 quarts = 1 peck (pk.) (= 537.605 cu. in.) = 16 pts
- 4 pecks = 1 bushel (bu.) (= 2,150.42 cu. in.) = 32
qts
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- Avoirdupois Weight
- When necessary to distinguish the avoirdupois dram
from the apothecaries dram, or distinguish the
- avoirdupois dram or ounce from the fluid dram or
ounce, or to distinguish the avoirdupois ounce or pound
from the troy or apothecaries ounce or pound, the word
"avoirdupois" or the abbreviation "avdp." should be used
in combination with the name or
- abbreviation of the avoirdupois unit. (The "grain" is
the same in avoirdupois, troy and apothecaries weights)
-
- 27 11/32 grains = 1 dram (dr)
- 16 drams = 1 oz = 437 1/2 grains
- 16 ounces = 1 pound (lb) = 256 drams = 7,000 grains
- 100 pounds = 1 hundred weight (cwt)*
- 20 hundredweights = 1 ton (tn) = 2,000 lbs.*
- In "gross" or "long" measure, the following values
are recognized:
- 112 pounds = 1 gross or long cwt*
- 20 gross or long hundredweights = 1 gross or long ton
= 2,240 lbs.
-
- * When the terms "hundredweight" and "ton" are used
unmodified, they are commonly understood to mean the
100-pound hundredweight and the 2,000-pound ton,
respectively; these units may be designated "net" or
"short" when necessary to distinguish them from the
corresponding units in gross or long measure.
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